How to Start LLC in New York Step-by-Step Guide
To form an LLC in New York:
- Choose an LLC Name
- Select a Registered Agent
- File the Articles of Organization
- Create an Operating Agreement
- Select the county where your newspaper advertisements will be published
- Publish your newspaper ads
- File a Certificate of Publication
- Obtain an EIN
If you want to handle the formation yourself, follow our free, detailed guide below. For information on LLC costs in New York, check out the specifics of LLC expenses.
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Follow these steps to set up your LLC:
1. Ensure Your New York LLC Name is Available
Follow these steps to make sure your LLC name is unique and meets state requirements:
Use the Entity Search tool on the New York Secretary of State website to check if your desired name is already in use. Two businesses in New York cannot have the same name.
Verify if the domain name for your LLC is available. This is important if you plan to create a website for your business.
Select a name that is easy to remember and reflects your brand effectively.
How can I verify if my preferred LLC name is available?
To check if your desired LLC name is available, search the online database provided by the New York Secretary of State.
What are the naming rules for an LLC in New York?
Your LLC name must include "Limited Liability Company," "LLC", or "L.L.C." It must be unique and distinguishable from other registered business names in New York and cannot contain restricted words without proper approval.
2. Find a Registered Agent
The next step is to select your New York Registered Agent.
You must choose a Registered Agent for your LLC in New York. This person or organization will handle your LLC's official notices and legal communications. The Registered Agent must have a physical address in New York to perform this role effectively.
Who Can Be a Registered Agent?
- You: If you have a physical address in New York.
- A Trusted Friend or Family Member: Must have a physical address in New York.
- A Professional Registered Agent Service: Useful if you prefer privacy or don’t have a physical address in New York.
Receives official notices and legal documents for your LLC. Must have a physical address in New York (PO Boxes are not accepted). The Registered Agent’s information will be part of the public record.
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What is a Registered Agent?
A Registered Agent is a person or entity appointed to receive legal documents and official government communications for your LLC.
Who can serve as a Registered Agent in New York?
In New York, a Registered Agent can be either an individual who resides in the state or a business entity authorized to operate in New York The agent must have a physical street address in the state (P.O. boxes are not acceptable).
Can I be my own Registered Agent?
Yes, you can act as your own Registered Agent if you fulfill the residency and physical address requirements.
3. File New York LLC Articles of Organization
To start your New York LLC, you need to prepare and send the Articles of Organization to the New York Secretary of State.
This form includes basic information about your LLC, such as your name and who your registered agent is. Filing this form online costs $200. This fee is a one-time payment to officially create your LLC.
How do I file the Articles of Organization?
You can file the Articles of Organization either online or by mail with the New York Secretary of State. It costs $200 to file.
What information do I need to include?
The Articles of Organization should include:
- Your LLC's name
- Address of your main office
- Details of your registered agent
- Names and addresses of the people who are starting the LLC
How long does it take to process?
Online filings usually take a few business days. Mail filings might take longer.
4. Create an Operating Agreement
The purpose of a New York LLC Operating Agreement is to specify who owns the LLC and how it will be operated. While the certificates create your LLC, the internal operations of the LLC are outlined in the Operating Agreement.
When you wish to open a business account, banks may request it. It is also useful for demonstrating to the court that your LLC is operating in compliance with the law.
Because of this, having an operating agreement is a smart idea for any LLC, even if it's just you and your business.
This paperwork can serve as proof that your LLC is being handled appropriately, which can shield you from liability.
The Operating Agreement is not required to be submitted to the IRS. Simply maintain a duplicate in your company.
What is an Operating Agreement?
An Operating Agreement is a document that outlines the ownership, management structure, and operating procedures of the LLC.
Is an Operating Agreement required in New York?
While not legally required, it is highly recommended to have an Operating Agreement to establish clear rules and prevent disputes.
What should be included in an Operating Agreement?
The Operating Agreement should include details on member roles and responsibilities, voting rights, profit distribution, management structure, and procedures for adding or removing members.
5. Choose how you’ll approach the LLC Publication Requirement
In New York, after forming an LLC, you're required to publish ads in two newspapers.
This rule is meant to inform the public about your business. Though the law is a bit outdated, it requires you to run ads for six weeks—one in a daily newspaper and one in a weekly newspaper.
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How much do newspaper ads cost to place?
The cost of placing newspaper ads varies depending on the county where your LLC is located. In some counties, you might pay between $200 and $300, while in more populated areas, such as the five boroughs, costs can range from $800 to $1,200.
How can I find out how much I might save?
To estimate potential savings, contact your county clerk for the contact details of a daily and a weekly newspaper. Request price quotes from both newspapers and compare these with the figures in the Savings Breakdown Table. This will help you determine if it's more cost-effective to publish in a less expensive county like Albany or in your local area.
6. Publish your newspaper ads
Once your Articles of Organization are approved, you can start your ads in two newspapers.
Here’s what you’ll need:
- The date of filing (see the Business Entity Database) of your articles of organization.
- Contact information for two newspapers.
- A template for your ad.
After running your ads for six weeks:
- Each newspaper will send you proof that the ad ran and a copy of the ad.
- You’ll need to include these proofs when you file your Certificate of Publication, which we'll go over next.
7. File a Certificate of Publication
Filing a Certificate of Publication proves to the state that you’ve met the publication requirements.
Make sure you have received the two Affidavits of Publication from the newspapers before submitting them.
The Certificate of Publication must be mailed in, as online filing is not an option. There is a $50 fee to file the Certificate of Publication.
8. Get an EIN (Employer Identification Number)
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How do I apply for an EIN?
You can apply for an EIN online through the IRS website, or by mail or fax.
How much does an EIN cost?
Obtaining an EIN is free. There are no charges for the application.
How long does it take to receive an EIN?
If you apply online, you will receive your EIN within about 15 minutes. Applying by mail or fax may take 1 to 3 months.
Why do I need an EIN for my LLC?
An EIN is necessary for federal tax purposes, hiring employees, opening a business bank account, and meeting other business requirements.
After Your LLC is Approved
Business Bank Account For New York LLC
Get a business bank account for your New York LLC to keep your personal and business finances separate. This helps you track your money better and simplifies tax reporting.
Licenses and Permits
Your LLC might need certain licenses or permits based on what type of business you run and where you operate. Check the local requirements to make sure you’re compliant.
Taxes For New York LLC
Your New York LLC will need to handle various taxes. This includes federal and state income taxes. If you have employees, you’ll also need to pay payroll taxes. Know what taxes you need to pay to stay in good standing.
Annual Report
Each year, file an Annual Report with the New York Secretary of State. This report updates your LLC’s information and comes with a small fee. Keeping this report current helps keep your LLC active and compliant.